{"id":17549,"date":"2024-06-07T12:10:08","date_gmt":"2024-06-07T16:10:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/?p=17549"},"modified":"2026-04-07T10:35:01","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T14:35:01","slug":"masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/","title":{"rendered":"Masking PHI in HL7 EDI Files with DarkShield"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The <\/span>IRI DarkShield<\/span><\/a> data masking product now includes fit-for-purpose wizards in the <\/span>IRI Workbench<\/span><\/a> IDE to search (classify) and mask (remediate) sensitive \u201ddark data\u201d (as defined by Gartner) in many semi, unstructured, and structured file, NoSQL, and relational database (RDB) sources. This article focuses on a new wizard designed to help you discover and de-identify PHI in healthcare documents in Health Level Seven (HL7) v2.x format.<\/span><\/p>\n

Though not discussed in this article, DarkShield also includes wizards for other sources, like the <\/span>New File Search\/Masking Job …<\/span><\/i><\/a> wizard for sensitive data in files, the <\/span>New NoSQL DB Search\/Masking Job …<\/span><\/i><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/i>wizard for sensitive data in a NoSQL database, and the <\/span>New Relational DB Search\/Masking Job \u2026<\/span><\/a><\/em> wizard for sensitive data inside RDB.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

What the DarkShield Healthcare Wizard Does<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The \u201c<\/span>New Healthcare Search\/Masking Job \u2026<\/span><\/i>\u201d wizard in the IRI Workbench <\/span>GUI for DarkShield<\/span><\/a> creates a DarkShield Job (.dsc file) with the Search and Mask Contexts applicable to your job.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Search Contexts contain instructions on how to search for PII and its source. Mask Contexts contain instructions on masking the PII found during the search operations, and how to access the target where the masked version of data will be sent.<\/span><\/p>\n

The searching and masking of data in HL7 documents is based on Data Classes you pre-define and store in an <\/span>IRI Data Class and Rule Library <\/span><\/i>or while creating this DarkShield job. Each Data Class contains one or more search methods called Search Matchers used to identify PII.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

HL7 documents specifically use <\/span>Location Matchers<\/span><\/i> but other matchers can be used in unison to broaden the search range. For more information on the various search methods available, read about<\/span> Data Matchers<\/span><\/a> and <\/span>Location Matchers<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

While DarkShield previously supported HL7 documents, it has now been enhanced with a user-friendly front-end interface. Additionally, DarkShield has undergone improvements, now accommodating sub-fields and repeating segments, topics we will delve into later in this article.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prerequisites<\/strong><\/h4>\n

You may need to update your DarkShield API and Workbench <\/span>IDE<\/span><\/a>; see <\/span>this YouTube video<\/span><\/a> for instructions, and email <\/span>darkshield@iri.com<\/span><\/a> if you need help or have any questions. Before launching the DarkShield Healthcare wizard, ensure these preliminary steps are completed:<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

1. First, verify that the DarkShield API distribution directory is specified in <\/span>IRI Workbench <\/span><\/i>Preferences > IRI > DarkShield<\/span><\/i>. From here, you can configure DarkShield GUI and API preferences, including the host, port, and directory holding the DarkShield API:<\/span><\/p>\n

2. If the DarkShield API distribution (Plankton) has not been specified in Preferences or your DarkShield Job will be using a different DarkShield API distribution, you will need to manually change the specified folder in the image above to reflect where the DarkShield API is located.<\/p>\n

3. Second, all DarkShield Wizards require a project possessing an IRI Data Class and Rule Library. The library can be empty, as this wizard can create data classes and rules on its own without the user needing to set them up. To learn more about IRI Data Class and Rule Library and creating Data Classes and Rules, read this<\/span> article<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

IRI Project Containing an IRI Data Class and Rule Library<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

4. Finally, verify that the Plankton (DarkShield API) server is running. This can be done by opening the DarkShield API Status view (bottom of the screen). This view displays information about the DarkShield API, including whether it is currently running.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Using the Wizard<\/strong><\/h4>\n

To access the wizard, navigate to the DarkShield menu dropdown and choose <\/span>‘New Healthcare Search\/Masking Job\u2026’<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

This action opens the first page, where you will specify the source type, in this case, HL7. From this menu you will also find options for PHI discovery and de-identification in X12<\/a> formats, and FHIR<\/a>, too.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

After selecting the source type, the next page will prompt you to specify the name and location of the DarkShield job you are building. You also have the option to use previously created Data Classes or Data Class Groups.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

If you do, this streamlines the process of setting up the job without more steps by leveraging the classes that have already been defined or modified in the library or previous use of this wizard.<\/span><\/p>\n

If this is your first time defining a DarkShield job for HL7 however, we recommend that you do not use this option. The next pages of the wizard will take you through the very specific types of HL7 data segments you need to classify.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

After the setup page is the PII General and Advanced Selection Page. Here, predefined \u201cgroupings<\/span>\u201d <\/span>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span> <\/span><\/span>of common Personally Identifiable Information (PII) or Protected Health Information (PHI) types found within healthcare documents are presented.<\/p>\n

It’s important to note that while these groupings cover many PII instances, they may not encompass all of them within a document. Therefore, you should carefully review all information during job creation to ensure the accuracy of your data discovery and de-identification results.<\/span><\/p>\n

On this page, we can select these groupings for easier searching and masking of PII \/ PHI:<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The \u201cAdvanced\u201d section of the wizard gives you more granular control over the segments, fields, and sub-fields to define for searching and masking purposes. For this example, we will be using both a general selection (Street Address) <\/span>and<\/span><\/i> a few advanced selections.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

This next wizard page enables you to filter out any unnecessary information from the general grouping selection, made on the previous page. Filtering of this kind can improve job speed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Here, you’re presented with a list comprising the ‘Street Address’ general selection. If your documents don’t contain any segments from this list, there’s no need for filtering, as they will be automatically skipped.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, if you prefer not to mask any of this information, you can simply deselect it from the table. For the sake of this example, we’ll keep all the information selected.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The next wizard page is the ‘Rule Selection Wizard Page,’ where you associate the information selected in previous wizard pages with masking rules.<\/span> Note that any information lacking a rule will be skipped during the search and masking process.<\/b><\/p>\n

On this page, you’ll find a grouping dropdown menu, allowing selection of a grouping that was declared in an earlier wizard, including information from the advanced selections. Once a grouping is selected, you can add a rule directly to the entire group by choosing a rule from the dropdown menu and clicking the ‘Add Group Rule’ button.<\/span><\/p>\n

There is also an optional dropdown menu labeled Segment. This permits the application of a rule solely to the selected segment within the grouping.<\/span><\/p>\n

Within the table, you can also click on, and directly modify the rule cell using a dropdown menu to select a rule for a specific item. This provides even more granular control of the masking job.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The \u201cCreate Rule\u201d button allows you to create a rule directly from this wizard. For more information about creating a rule, or what the masking rules are, refer to <\/span>this blog article<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The final option on this page is the \u201cRepeating Segment #\u201d column in the table. This is designed to be used with documents that contain duplicate segments as noted by duplicate NK1 segments in this example:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

If there are duplicate segments, you may need to represent them within the table. The \u201cRepeating Segment #\u201d defaults to the first occurrence of the segment.<\/span><\/p>\n

The last two wizard pages are used to define or modify the locations of your unmasked file sources and masked targets. You can specify local PC or LAN file system paths or cloud buckets; each target file will have the same name as the source. If you specify more than one target, the masked files will be copied into every defined folder.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

When you click finish, the DarkShield job configuration (.dsc) file will be created in the \u201cProject Explorer\u201d folder specified on the first wizard page. A new HL7 data class group will also be created inside the \u201ciriLibrary.dcrlib\u201d in your project, which contains the data classes you just defined in the wizard.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Within these Data Classes, every detail can be altered without the need to revisit the wizard. This flexibility enables you to modify, add, or remove any Data Classes, significantly reducing setup time for future jobs, especially if requirements change.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Double-click on your .dsc file to see the ‘DarkShield Job Details Page’. Review the source, target, and data class information. It’s important to note that any changes made to items within the .dcrlib file require selecting the ‘Modify’ button and completing the wizard to ensure those changes are reflected in the .dsc file.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

To run your job, right-click on the .dsc file and select the type of job you want. In this case, I am choosing a combined search and masking job.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Upon examining the sample HL7 source and target file below, we can see the PII masked in various ways, including pseudonymization and format-preserving encryption (FPE) for realism. Many other masking (and data generation) functions are supported; see <\/span>this<\/span><\/a> page.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Sample HL7 Source File:<\/b><\/h6>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/b><\/p>\n

Masked Target:<\/b><\/h6>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

In addition to the masked files, an audit log file called results.json log is generated. It details which data classes matched on information in the HL7 file(s) and the corresponding rules used to mask it. It is also possible to generate aggregate visualization of the discovered PII and whether it was masked in built-in dashboard charts per <\/span>this article<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

If you would like help using this wizard to scan and\/or mask data \u2013 or with any other data source(s) \u2013 please contact your IRI<\/span> representative<\/span><\/a> or email <\/span>darkshield@iri.com<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/h3>\n
\n
1. What is HL7 and why is it important to mask PHI in HL7 files? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
HL7 (Health Level Seven) is a widely used messaging standard for transferring patient data between healthcare systems. Masking Protected Health Information (PHI) in HL7 files is essential to protect patient privacy, comply with HIPAA and other data privacy laws, and prevent unauthorized disclosure of sensitive health information during data sharing, analytics, or testing.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
2. How does the DarkShield Healthcare Wizard help with HL7 masking? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
The DarkShield healthcare data search and mask wizard in IRI Workbench guides users through creating a job configuration that searches for and masks PHI in HL7 v2.x files. It allows you to select predefined PII\/PHI groupings, apply masking rules, and define sources and targets for masked output, streamlining the entire process.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
3. What are Search and Mask Contexts in DarkShield? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
Search Contexts define how to locate PII in HL7 files using matchers such as Location Matchers. Mask Contexts specify how to apply masking functions to the identified data and where to send the masked results.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
4. How do I prepare IRI Workbench for HL7 masking? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
Before using the wizard, verify that the DarkShield API distribution is specified in IRI Workbench Preferences, ensure that the Plankton API server is running, and have a project that contains or can generate a Data Class and Rule Library. These steps allow the wizard to function properly.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
5. What kind of PHI can the wizard detect in HL7 files? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
The wizard can detect a wide range of PHI, including patient names, addresses, phone numbers, medical record numbers, and other identifiers. It uses predefined groupings and allows advanced selection for granular targeting of segments, fields, and sub-fields.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
6. How do masking rules work in HL7 jobs? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
Masking rules define the specific function applied to the discovered PHI, such as pseudonymization, redaction, or format-preserving encryption (FPE<\/a>). Rules can be applied to entire data groups or at the segment and field level for more precise control.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
7. Can I customize or add new Data Classes? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
Yes. You can create new Data Classes directly from the wizard or modify existing ones in the Data Class and Rule Library<\/a>. This flexibility allows you to tailor your PHI search and masking process to your organization\u2019s specific requirements.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
8. How are repeating segments in HL7 handled? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
The wizard includes a \u201cRepeating Segment #\u201d column that allows you to specify which occurrences of a repeating segment to mask. This is useful for documents with multiple instances of the same HL7 segment, such as multiple NK1 (next of kin) records.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
9. Where are masked HL7 files saved? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
Masked files are saved in the target directories you specify during job creation. You can set multiple targets, and DarkShield will output the masked results to all selected locations, maintaining the same file names as the source files.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
10. How can I verify what data was masked? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
DarkShield generates an audit log file called results.json that lists which PHI values were matched and which masking rules were applied. You can also generate dashboard charts<\/a> to visualize data discovery and masking results.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
11. What masking functions are supported for HL7 data? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
DarkShield supports a range of data masking functions<\/a>, including: format-preserving encryption, pseudonymization, hashing, redaction, and randomization. These can be applied to ensure masked data remains realistic and usable for testing and analytics.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
12. Can I modify a job after it has been created? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
Yes. You can double-click the .dsc job configuration file to open the job details page and adjust the source, target, or data classes. Any changes made to the Data Class Library can be re-applied by running the Modify wizard.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
13. How do I run an HL7 masking job once it is created? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
Right-click on the .dsc file in IRI Workbench and choose \u201cRun As > IRI Search and Masking Job.\u201d This will execute the combined search and masking process and generate the masked HL7 output and audit logs.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
14. Can I use this process for other healthcare formats? <\/i><\/i><\/div>\n
Yes. DarkShield also provides wizards for FHIR, X12, DICOM, and many other data sources<\/a>. The workflow is similar and allows you to reuse data classes and masking rules across multiple database and file types for consistency.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Introduction The IRI DarkShield data masking product now includes fit-for-purpose wizards in the IRI Workbench IDE to search (classify) and mask (remediate) sensitive \u201ddark data\u201d (as defined by Gartner) in many semi, unstructured, and structured file, NoSQL, and relational database (RDB) sources. This article focuses on a new wizard designed to help you discover and<\/p>\n

Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":204,"featured_media":17591,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[1386,340,14,18,15,1780,1781,1260,1412,2474,1266,1669,1388,152,1877,1410],"class_list":["post-17549","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-data-protection","tag-darkshield","tag-data-governance","tag-data-masking","tag-data-privacy","tag-data-security","tag-health-data","tag-health-level-seven","tag-hl7","tag-hl7-data-masking","tag-hl7-edi","tag-hl7-message-masking","tag-hl7-test-data","tag-iri-darkshield","tag-sensitive-data","tag-x12-edi","tag-x12-phi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMasking PHI in HL7 EDI Files with DarkShield - IRI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn to find and de-identify PHI in healthcare EDI documents in HL7 v2.x format using the fit-for-purpose DarkShield healthcare wizard.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Masking PHI in HL7 EDI Files with DarkShield\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn to find and de-identify PHI in healthcare EDI documents in HL7 v2.x format using the fit-for-purpose DarkShield healthcare wizard.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IRI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-06-07T16:10:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-07T14:35:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Featured-Image-for-Masking-PII-in-HL7.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"368\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Tylor Quinley\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@tylorq@iri.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Tylor Quinley\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"15 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Tylor Quinley\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/287497b6de7a30d7c674b81c7cbdbbb1\"},\"headline\":\"Masking PHI in HL7 EDI Files with DarkShield\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-06-07T16:10:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-07T14:35:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/\"},\"wordCount\":2316,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Featured-Image-for-Masking-PII-in-HL7.png\",\"keywords\":[\"DarkShield\",\"data governance\",\"data masking\",\"data privacy\",\"data security\",\"Health Data\",\"Health Level Seven\",\"HL7\",\"HL7 data masking\",\"HL7 EDI\",\"HL7 message masking\",\"hl7 test data\",\"IRI DarkShield\",\"sensitive data\",\"X12 EDI\",\"X12 PHI\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Data Masking\/Protection\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/masking-phi-in-hl7-edi-files-with-darkshield\/\",\"name\":\"Masking PHI in HL7 EDI Files with DarkShield - 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