{"id":19238,"date":"2026-09-11T23:00:54","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T03:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/?p=19238"},"modified":"2026-09-16T14:42:03","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T18:42:03","slug":"pii-discovery-patterns-set-files","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/pii-discovery-patterns-set-files\/","title":{"rendered":"Patterns &#038; Sets in PII Discovery and Data Synthesis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"122\" data-end=\"458\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/products\/workbench\">IRI Workbench<\/a> provides two complementary resources for sensitive data discovery and data synthesis: <strong data-start=\"222\" data-end=\"275\">Regular Expression (RegEx) patterns and set files<\/strong>. Patterns identify PII and other sensitive values by structure. Set files support dictionary-based matching and provide realistic values for pseudonymization and test data synthesis.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"463\" data-end=\"781\">Success in data governance and application development often depends on two related workflows. First, you identify sensitive information. Then, you manage that information responsibly. Without the right tools and techniques, finding PII and transforming it into usable, safe data can become labor-intensive and manual.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"786\" data-end=\"1168\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/products\/workbench\">IRI Workbench<\/a> graphical user interface (GUI) supports sensitive data discovery, value replacement (pseudonymization), and test data synthesis. It provides these capabilities for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/products\/iri-data-protector\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IRI Data Protector Suite<\/span><\/a> tools such as FieldShield, DarkShield, and RowGen. IRI Workbench also provides two professionally vetted, out-of-the-box resources for these workflows: Patterns and Set Files.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1173\" data-end=\"1387\">RegEx patterns and Set File values help identify sensitive data. Set files also support data replacement and value selection. Together, these resources help streamline data discovery, masking, and DevOps processes.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19303 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/3-stage-workflow-IRI-Workbench-1024x607.png\" alt=\"IRI Workbench workflow for data discovery, pseudonymization, and test data synthesis.\" width=\"633\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/3-stage-workflow-IRI-Workbench-1024x607.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/3-stage-workflow-IRI-Workbench-300x178.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/3-stage-workflow-IRI-Workbench-768x455.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/3-stage-workflow-IRI-Workbench.png 1110w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 633px) 100vw, 633px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"13c5s7u\" data-start=\"2192\" data-end=\"2222\">Data Discovery via Patterns<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2224\" data-end=\"2566\">To identify sensitive data, IRI Workbench includes an extensive out-of-the-box library of <strong data-start=\"2314\" data-end=\"2353\">Regular Expression (RegEx) patterns<\/strong>. These patterns can scan data sources for PII and other structured information, including government identifiers, license plates, financial identifiers, and timestamps.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2224\" data-end=\"2566\">The pattern list shown in the tables below, but not the actual expressions themselves, identifies the RegEx expressions that IRI provides out of the box for FieldShield, DarkShield, and CellShield EE users during data discovery. Users can apply these patterns to column names as <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/location-matchers\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"411\" data-end=\"495\"><strong data-start=\"412\" data-end=\"433\">location matchers<\/strong><\/a> or to actual values in columns or files as <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/data-matchers\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"539\" data-end=\"615\"><strong data-start=\"540\" data-end=\"557\">data matchers<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"1ckmk6\" data-start=\"3125\" data-end=\"3156\">Data Discovery via Set Files<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3158\" data-end=\"3443\">Patterns are not the only way to recognize sensitive information. During data classification searches through relational databases or unstructured documents, the <strong data-start=\"3320\" data-end=\"3340\">Set File Matcher<\/strong> can identify values by performing a dictionary lookup against a supplied text file containing strings.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3445\" data-end=\"3498\">DarkShield, for example, can scan content for either:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3500\" data-end=\"3637\">\n<li data-section-id=\"9e2kb9\" data-start=\"3500\" data-end=\"3573\"><strong data-start=\"3502\" data-end=\"3521\">Literal matches<\/strong> \u2014 exact matches to values in a predefined set file.<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"azzcqv\" data-start=\"3574\" data-end=\"3637\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/data-matchers\/\"><strong data-start=\"3576\" data-end=\"3593\">Fuzzy matches<\/strong><\/a> \u2014 close matches to values in that set file.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3844\" data-end=\"4054\">Patterns and set files provide complementary approaches to discovery: RegEx patterns identify data based on defined patterns, while set files identify data by matching against predefined values.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"ur5puo\" data-start=\"4056\" data-end=\"4089\">Pseudonymization via Set Files<\/h2>\n<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"241\" data-end=\"350\">Once you identify sensitive data, you need a way to replace it while preserving the utility of your datasets.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"352\" data-end=\"758\">IRI set files can supply replacement values for this purpose. You can use libraries containing names, demographic information, regional identifiers, and other real-world values to <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/solutions\/data-masking\/static-data-masking\/pseudonymize\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"532\" data-end=\"623\">pseudonymize<\/a> production information with <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/making-realistic-test-data-production\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"652\" data-end=\"744\">realistic<\/a> alternatives.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"760\" data-end=\"1009\">For example, you can replace a production name with another plausible name drawn from an appropriate set file rather than with an arbitrary string. This helps preserve the utility of the transformed data while replacing the original sensitive value.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"e2hlzy\" data-start=\"4866\" data-end=\"4902\">Test Data Synthesis via Set Files<\/h2>\n<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"436\" data-end=\"528\">IRI RowGen also uses set files as repositories of real-world values for test data synthesis.\u00a0Values can be randomly selected from those files to generate semantically realistic data such as:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"629\" data-end=\"686\">\n<li data-section-id=\"16v9xks\" data-start=\"629\" data-end=\"636\">Names<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1q6jdew\" data-start=\"637\" data-end=\"648\">Addresses<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"cal0sm\" data-start=\"649\" data-end=\"660\">Religions<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hzahgn\" data-start=\"661\" data-end=\"672\">Diagnoses<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1r8zu3j\" data-start=\"673\" data-end=\"686\">Departments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"688\" data-end=\"780\">RowGen can write the generated values into target database columns, flat files, and reports.\u00a0To maintain referential integrity across related database tables, RowGen can automatically point parent- and child-table generation rules to the same set file, ensuring that selected values remain consistent across the database.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1012\" data-end=\"1148\">Set files can therefore be used across several workflows, including sensitive data discovery, pseudonymization, and test data synthesis. Whether the objective is to search for PII, pseudonymize production data for privacy-law compliance, or create entirely new data for application development, set files provide reusable source values that help keep the resulting data realistic and functional.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"nvi4ov\" data-start=\"526\" data-end=\"563\">Provided Patterns in IRI Workbench<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"565\" data-end=\"888\">IRI Workbench includes an extensive library of out-of-the-box RegEx patterns for use in data discovery. Each copy of IRI Workbench includes these patterns, and users can modify them or introduce new ones. Users can also enhance pattern matching with <strong data-start=\"459\" data-end=\"517\">computation verification through data class validators<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"890\" data-end=\"1127\">The complete library spans country-specific and global formats. Because the supplied catalog is extensive, the examples below illustrate the types of patterns included rather than reproducing every individual expression or example value.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"iavo3c\" data-start=\"6743\" data-end=\"6753\">Africa<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"6755\" data-end=\"6884\">The provided African resources include, for example, a <strong data-start=\"6810\" data-end=\"6835\">Nigerian license plate<\/strong> pattern.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19324 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Africa-region-1024x100.png\" alt=\"Table showing the Nigeria license plate data type with format examples ABC123 XYZ and JAGVUTJAIWDK.\" width=\"522\" height=\"51\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Africa-region-1024x100.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Africa-region-300x29.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Africa-region-768x75.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Africa-region.png 1047w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 522px) 100vw, 522px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"iavo3c\" data-start=\"6743\" data-end=\"6753\">Americas<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"6755\" data-end=\"6884\">The Americas library covers a broad range of personal, government, financial, health, and location identifiers.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6900\" data-end=\"7011\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19329 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Provided-Patterns-_Americas-441x1024.png\" alt=\"Table of IRI Workbench RegEx patterns for sensitive data formats across countries in the Americas.\" width=\"731\" height=\"1697\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Provided-Patterns-_Americas.png 441w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Provided-Patterns-_Americas-129x300.png 129w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Provided-Patterns-_Americas-768x1783.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Provided-Patterns-_Americas-662x1536.png 662w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Provided-Patterns-_Americas-882x2048.png 882w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 731px) 100vw, 731px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"ynh3ng\" data-start=\"8348\" data-end=\"8356\">Asia<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"8358\" data-end=\"8463\">The pattern library includes resources for many Asian and Middle Eastern formats.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8358\" data-end=\"8463\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19331 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Regions-550x1024.png\" alt=\"Table of IRI Workbench RegEx patterns for sensitive data formats across Asian countries, including national IDs, phone numbers, passports, and financial identifiers.\" width=\"759\" height=\"1412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Regions.png 550w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Regions-161x300.png 161w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Regions-768x1430.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Regions-825x1536.png 825w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Regions-1100x2048.png 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 759px) 100vw, 759px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Europe<\/h3>\n<p>IRI Workbench also provides an extensive range of European patterns.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 714px; max-width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; line-height: 0; font-size: 0;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"1024\" class=\"wp-image-19337\" style=\"display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; border: 0;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions-Andorra-to-Germany-650x1024.png\" alt=\"Table of IRI Workbench RegEx patterns for European data formats from Andorra through Germany.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions-Andorra-to-Germany.png 650w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions-Andorra-to-Germany-191x300.png 191w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions-Andorra-to-Germany-768x1209.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions-Andorra-to-Germany-976x1536.png 976w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions-Andorra-to-Germany-1301x2048.png 1301w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"714\" height=\"1024\" class=\"wp-image-19338 alignleft\" style=\"display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; margin: -1px 0 0 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; border: 0;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions2-714x1024.png\" alt=\"Table of IRI Workbench RegEx patterns for European data formats from Greece through Portugal.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions2.png 714w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions2-209x300.png 209w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions2-768x1102.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions2-1071x1536.png 1071w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions2-1428x2048.png 1428w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 714px) 100vw, 714px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"593\" height=\"1024\" class=\"wp-image-19339\" style=\"display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; margin: -1px 0 0 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; border: 0;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions3-593x1024.png\" alt=\"Table of IRI Workbench RegEx patterns for European data formats from Portugal through Ukraine.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions3.png 593w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions3-174x300.png 174w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions3-768x1325.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions3-890x1536.png 890w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Europe-Regions3-1187x2048.png 1187w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 593px) 100vw, 593px\" \/><\/div>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"18li94\" data-start=\"10506\" data-end=\"10517\"><\/h3>\n<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"18li94\" data-start=\"10506\" data-end=\"10517\">Oceania<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"10519\" data-end=\"10847\">Australian patterns include examples for mobile and telephone numbers, PINs, postal codes, state names, tax values, passports, bank accounts, driver&#8217;s licenses, Medicare and health insurance identifiers, national telephone numbers, Tax File Numbers, Business Numbers, and Company Numbers.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10519\" data-end=\"10847\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19344 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Oceania.png\" alt=\"Table of IRI Workbench RegEx patterns for Australian data types, including phone numbers, tax identifiers, passports, bank accounts, and healthcare identifiers.\" width=\"684\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Oceania.png 971w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Oceania-300x247.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Oceania-768x632.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"fvtfbq\" data-start=\"10849\" data-end=\"10868\">Global Patterns<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"10870\" data-end=\"10947\">The global pattern library covers values that are not limited to one country.\u00a0The catalog includes multiple patterns for common credit-card formats, including American Express, China UnionPay, Diners Club, Discover, JCB, Mastercard, and Visa.\u00a0Additional global patterns include YYYYMMDD date formats, passwords of 8\u201320 characters, international phone formats, international securities identifying numbers, and additional payment-card formats.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10870\" data-end=\"10947\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-19346 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Global-Regions-547x1024.png\" alt=\"Table of global IRI Workbench RegEx patterns for dates, email addresses, IP addresses, payment cards, cryptocurrency addresses, and other structured data.\" width=\"699\" height=\"1308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Global-Regions.png 547w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Global-Regions-160x300.png 160w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Global-Regions-768x1438.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Global-Regions-820x1536.png 820w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Global-Regions-1094x2048.png 1094w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 699px) 100vw, 699px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"ez20p1\" data-start=\"12213\" data-end=\"12246\">Provided Data Sets (Set Files)<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"12248\" data-end=\"12449\">The diagrams below show the <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-transformation2\/all-about-iri-set-files-a-primer\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"235\" data-end=\"327\">set files<\/a> IRI ships with each deliverable. A primary category consists of people\u2019s names, with values drawn from researched lists of female and male first names by country, along with last (family) names. These set files can be used for PII discovery, pseudonymization, and test data synthesis.<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"ryr7k4\" data-start=\"12676\" data-end=\"12703\">Country-Based Name Sets<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" data-start=\"12248\" data-end=\"12449\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-19310 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Regional-Folder-Tree-Infographic-1024x768.png\" alt=\"Infographic showing IRI Workbench set file folders for country-specific female first names, male first names, and last names in Africa, North America excluding the US, and Oceania.\" width=\"853\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Regional-Folder-Tree-Infographic-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Regional-Folder-Tree-Infographic-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Regional-Folder-Tree-Infographic-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Regional-Folder-Tree-Infographic.png 1110w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px\" \/><span style=\"text-align: left;\">IRI also provides the same types of name set files, including female and male first names and last names, for countries throughout Asia and Europe, as shown below.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-19311\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Europe-1024x687.png\" alt=\"Infographic showing IRI Workbench country-specific name set file folders for Asia and Europe.\" width=\"557\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Europe-1024x687.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Europe-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Europe-768x516.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Asia-Europe.png 1110w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"e4qu3b\" data-start=\"13487\" data-end=\"13503\">US Set Files<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"13505\" data-end=\"13653\">The root US folder contains larger first- and last-name collections, along with additional set files for healthcare, locations, names, and other data used in discovery, masking, and test data projects.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-19312 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/US-Directory-Tree-Infographic-1024x654.png\" alt=\"IRI Workbench US set file hierarchy showing healthcare, location, and name datasets, including CMS and FDA files, geographic sets, and first-name and last-name set files.\" width=\"908\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/US-Directory-Tree-Infographic-1024x654.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/US-Directory-Tree-Infographic-300x192.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/US-Directory-Tree-Infographic-768x491.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/US-Directory-Tree-Infographic.png 1110w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 908px) 100vw, 908px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"1ivq80i\" data-start=\"14715\" data-end=\"14760\">International and Miscellaneous Set Files<\/h3>\n<p>IRI Workbench also includes an international miscellaneous folder containing set files that can be used in other projects, including PII discovery for GDPR compliance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-19314\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Miscellaneous-Folder-Tree-536x1024.png\" alt=\"IRI Workbench miscellaneous set file folder showing reusable datasets for countries, names, email domains, gender identity, race, religious beliefs, sexual orientation, street types, and trade unions.\" width=\"324\" height=\"619\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Miscellaneous-Folder-Tree.png 536w, https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Miscellaneous-Folder-Tree-157x300.png 157w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 324px) 100vw, 324px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>These examples demonstrate that set files are not limited to names. They can provide reusable collections of values for multiple types of discovery, masking, and data-synthesis jobs.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"a5zbqp\" data-start=\"1558\" data-end=\"1590\">Custom Patterns and Set Files<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1592\" data-end=\"1770\">The RegEx patterns provided in IRI Workbench can be modified, and users can introduce new patterns as needed. Pattern matching can also be enhanced through data class validators.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1592\" data-end=\"1770\">Just as you can create new patterns, you can also create and provide your own set files for use in these jobs. See <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/iri\/iri-workbench\/creating-set-files-in-iri-workbench\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"1887\" data-end=\"1982\">this article<\/a> for an example of creating set files in IRI Workbench.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"1k5q749\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"10\">Summary<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"12\" data-end=\"462\">IRI Workbench provides an extensive library of RegEx patterns and set files for PII discovery, pseudonymization, and test data synthesis. RegEx patterns support sensitive data discovery by matching defined data formats, while set files can identify values through dictionary matching and provide realistic replacement or generated values for masking and test data workflows.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"464\" data-end=\"811\">These resources support IRI technologies including FieldShield, DarkShield, CellShield EE, and RowGen. IRI Workbench includes country-specific and global patterns, name and other reusable set files, and the ability to modify existing patterns or create custom patterns and set files for specific requirements.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"813\" data-end=\"1109\">Using IRI\u2019s provided RegEx patterns and set files can reduce the time required to research and assemble these resources. They can also be used without exposing data or systems to cloud or AI services that may not provide the security or reliability required.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"1r8frcv\" data-start=\"17162\" data-end=\"17191\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1v1jhgc\" data-start=\"17193\" data-end=\"17270\">What is the difference between a pattern and a set file in IRI Workbench?<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"17272\" data-end=\"17637\">A pattern uses a Regular Expression to recognize data according to its structure or format. A set file contains known values that can be compared against data through dictionary matching and can also provide replacement or generated values for pseudonymization and test-data synthesis.<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"r9qnbf\" data-start=\"17639\" data-end=\"17712\">Can DarkShield use set files for both exact and approximate matching?<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"17714\" data-end=\"17954\">Yes. The Set File Matcher can identify sensitive information through a dictionary lookup, and DarkShield can scan for either <strong data-start=\"17839\" data-end=\"17858\">literal (exact)<\/strong> or <strong data-start=\"17862\" data-end=\"17879\">fuzzy (close)<\/strong> matches against a predefined list.<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"zdt2hn\" data-start=\"17956\" data-end=\"18004\">How does RowGen use set files for test data?<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"18006\" data-end=\"18277\">RowGen can randomly select real-world values stored in set files and write them into target database columns, flat files, and reports. These values can represent items such as names, addresses, religions, diagnoses, or departments.<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"lc2c44\" data-start=\"18279\" data-end=\"18351\">How does RowGen maintain referential integrity when using set files?<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"18353\" data-end=\"18565\">For related parent and child tables, RowGen can automatically point the generation rules to the same set file so that selected values remain consistent across the database.<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1tt0reo\" data-start=\"18567\" data-end=\"18621\">Can users create their own patterns and set files?<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"18623\" data-end=\"18867\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Yes. IRI Workbench allows supplied patterns to be modified and new ones to be introduced. Users can also create and provide their own set files for applicable jobs.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IRI Workbench provides two complementary resources for sensitive data discovery and data synthesis: Regular Expression (RegEx) patterns and set files. Patterns identify PII and other sensitive values by structure. Set files support dictionary-based matching and provide realistic values for pseudonymization and test data synthesis. Success in data governance and application development often depends on two<\/p>\n<div><a class=\"btn-filled btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/pii-discovery-patterns-set-files\/\" title=\"Patterns &#038; Sets in PII Discovery and Data Synthesis\">Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":19322,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[1215,1386,280,14,18,9,850,1734,22,2487,49,785,1984,1889],"class_list":["post-19238","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-data-protection","tag-cellshield","tag-darkshield","tag-data-discovery","tag-data-masking","tag-data-privacy","tag-fieldshield","tag-iri-workbench","tag-pii-discovery","tag-pseudonymization","tag-regex-patterns","tag-rowgen","tag-set-files","tag-synthetic-test-data","tag-test-data-synthesis"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.4 (Yoast SEO v23.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>PII Discovery with Patterns and Set Files | IRI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how IRI Workbench uses RegEx patterns and set files for PII discovery, pseudonymization, and realistic test data synthesis.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iri.com\/blog\/data-protection\/pii-discovery-patterns-set-files\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Patterns &amp; 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